Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.

Estuarine systems that are exposed to industrial pollutants often retain a high loading of contaminants, including mercury (Hg), due to prevailing physical, chemical and biological conditions. Estuarine biota are principally exposed to Hg through dietary uptake, which can lead to higher order species bioaccumulating significant concentrations that can also be harmful to human health if consumed. Methylmercury (MeHg) production, bioaccumulation, and biomagnification in estuarine food webs are broadly understood but our knowledge of Hg food pathways and selenium’s (Se) interaction with Hg is lacking. Current observations show poor correlation between bioaccumulation and environmental loadings, indicating that food web uptake and transfer of Hg are not straightforward. Understanding the mechanisms that underpin this variability is critical to quantifying and managing Hg exposure risks, and for developing appropriate management actions.

The studies within this thesis examined the bioavailability, trophic magnification and bioaccumulation of Hg within a contaminated estuary to provide better capacity to manage the ecosystem and human health concerns.