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Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram: development of diagnostic and reference reagents for epizootic haematopoietic necrosis virus of finfish

Project number: 2003-621
Project Status:
Completed
Budget expenditure: $140,124.00
Principal Investigator: Richard Whittington
Organisation: University of Sydney (USYD)
Project start/end date: 27 Feb 2003 - 30 Oct 2004
Contact:
FRDC

Need

Relationship to R&D plans and strategies
In the May 2000 Budget, the Federal Government announced its Building a National Approach to Animal and Plant Health program to maintain Australia’s status as a source of high quality agricultural produce with work on aquatic animal health to be funded via AFFA through the FRDC Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram. Following stakeholder consultations, seven projects focusing on the development of improved diagnostic methods for diseases of fish, crustaceans and molluscs were funded under this Subprogram. The Subprogram recently requested advice from aquatic animal health specialists in Australia on priority suggestions for the remaining uncommitted funds. The ‘Maintenance of reagent stocks for diagnosis of important diseases e.g. EHN’ was identified by this forum as one of a number of high priority issues and subsequently forwarded to the Subprogram. The Subprogram’s Steering Committee and Scientific Advisory Committee supported this and other suggestions because of their national significance. This application is made in response to this need.

Pragmatic need
The International Reference Laboratory for EHNV provides research and diagnostic referral services to fish health laboratories in Australia and other countries. Reagents have been supplied upon request for more than 10 years. Research on protocols for improved viral detection and differentiation from related viruses is ongoing, and has been published in high quality journals. These protocols are supplied, together with reference reagents, to any diagnostic laboratory upon request. As many of these original antibody reagents were prepared in 1989-1992, they are deemed likely to be near the end of their shelf life, or stocks of quality-controlled batches are almost exhausted. Furthermore, new protocols have recently been developed using modern tools of molecular biology (Marsh et al 2002 rapid differentiation of Australian, European and American ranaviruses based on variation in major capsid protein gene sequence. Mol.Cell. Probes 16:137-151). For routine use these require development of new reagents, for example standardized DNA solutions.

This project is an operation to replenish stocks of reagents for existing tests and to create stocks for the more newly developed tests and as such is a one-off request. In future we aim to meet costs by charging for supply of reagents, something that OIE Fish Diseases Commission has agreed may be necessary to support reference laboratory activities. Stocks of antibody reagents produced in this project are likely to be viable and sufficient for 15 years assuming freeze drying is successful and current levels of demand, but this will also be dependent on future demand, which is not easily predicted.

Objectives

1. To provide quality-controlled antibody reagents and protocols to detect EHNV
2. To provide quality controlled DNA reagents and protocols to differentiate EHNV from related viruses including BIV
3. To provide stocks of reference-strain EHNV and fish tissues containing reference-strain EHNV as controls for diagnostic testing
4. To develop and assess new storage conditions, guidelines for reconsitution and shelf life for antibody and DNA reagents

Quantitative Training Unit for Fisheries (phase 2)

Project number: 1998-348
Project Status:
Completed
Budget expenditure: $246,242.00
Principal Investigator: Tony Underwood
Organisation: University of Sydney (USYD)
Project start/end date: 25 May 1998 - 13 Aug 2001
Contact:
FRDC

Need

There is a need for the continuing provision of training courses in the introductory and core material. To maximise the benefits of the existing investment in computer-based material, there is a need to provide a mechanism for the distribution of software. In addition, the value of the computer-based material can be increased by developing further modules for which a requirement has been identified by the Unit's National Advisory Committee.

Objectives

1. Continue to provide training in the population dynamics of exploited stocks.
2. Assure the future of the training material by integrating it into the postgraduate programs of the University of Sydney.
3. Develop additional computer-based modules.
4. Disseminate the products of QTUF

Final report

ISBN: 0-646-41662-6
Author: A.J. Underwood
Final Report • 2001-07-12 • 2.00 MB
1998-348-DLD.pdf

Summary

The Quantitative Training Unit for Fisheries (QTUF) operated at The University of Sydney from 1995 to 2001. There were two distinct phases to the project: Phase I (Project 93/117, from 1995 to 1997) and Phase II (Project 98/348, 1998 to 2001). The QTUF project was designed to address the need for Australian fisheries scientists and managers to have improved knowledge of and skills in quantitative methods. This need has arisen because of changes to strategies of management, particularly the use of catch quotas and the implementation of the precautionary approach. A need was also identified for a permanent medium for self-study of quantitative methods and applications. We addressed this need by the development of computer-based-instruction software entitled Quantitative Training in Fisheries (Montgomery and Hood 2001).  An additional requirement included the development of a postgraduate award system for training in quantitative fisheries science. QTUF has met this need by helping to create new awards in Quantitative Marine Ecology at the University of Sydney.

To achieve our training objectives, the QTUF ran five different types of courses for fishery scientists, fishery managers and university students. This involved teaching courses to over 100 scientists and managers and almost 70 managers. All participants at the courses completed an anonymous questionnaire that has provided us with extensive information about outcomes of the courses. This indicated the achievement of the first project objective: “Continue to provide training in the populations dynamics of fish stocks”.

The second project objective, “assure the future of the training material by integrating it into the postgraduate programs of the University of Sydney”, was also achieved. New awards in Quantitative Marine Ecology, to be taught by the Centre for Research on Ecological Impacts of Coastal Cities, commenced in 2001, having been approved by the University’s Academic Board. These awards include units of study in the assessment of living marine resources that are the continuation of the QTUF courses. There are also units of study in the assessment of environmental impacts. Such units will help met the need for individuals trained in identifying the impacts of fishing activities.

The third project objective, “develop additional computer based modules”, referred to the software Quantitative Training in Fisheries.

We will be making extensive use of the training software in the Quantitative Marine Ecology Awards. Extensive evaluation of over 200 users of the software indicated that the content was pitched at the appropriate level. The software was considered to be easy to navigate and was identified as an effective learning tool. It is unlikely that there will be extensive revisions to the software at this time. The forth project objective, “disseminate the products of QTUF”, was also achieved. We have direct evidence that over 80 copies of Quantitative Training in Fisheries were distributed to individuals in over 10 Australian institutions.

Long-term outcomes of the QTUF project are difficult to assess. The impact that our courses and software have had on individuals in the short-term (for example, directly after a course) can be documented, but this cannot give firm evidence of long-term benefit. Any training project will experience the same difficulties. We trust that the extensive outputs of the project, along with our enthusiasm and dedication to quantitative methods, will have a long-term impact on the sustainability of Australian fisheries.

Keywords: population dynamics, stock assessment, models, uncertainty, computer-based-instruction, training, quantitative, professional development.

Environment
PROJECT NUMBER • 1998-139
PROJECT STATUS:
COMPLETED

Coastal stocks of fish: from which estuaries are most adults derived?

The origins of many stocks of fish are unknown. As juveniles, many fish are found in estuarine regions. After a period in these habitats they may leave estuaries for coastal reefs and shelf waters where they may be commercially fished. Currently, we do not know the proportion of...
ORGANISATION:
University of Sydney (USYD)
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