133,668 results

Diagnosis and prevention of the mid-crop mortality syndrome of pond-reared black tiger prawns (Penaeus monodon)

Project number: 1996-301
Project Status:
Completed
Budget expenditure: $423,716.00
Principal Investigator: Ian Anderson
Organisation: Department of Primary Industries (QLD)
Project start/end date: 8 Aug 1996 - 28 Nov 2003
Contact:
FRDC

Objectives

1. To refine the detection system (hybridisation and PCR) to ensure the best sensitivity and specificity for a test to detect the MCMS agent
2. To clearly identify the risk factors which aggravate the expression of clinical MCMS, including the role of blue green algae
3. To establish a model screening program which allows hatchery and farm production with virus-free prawns
4. To deterine a cost effective, environmentally sensitive disinfection program to eradicate the MCMS agent from farms and hatcheries which will be a model for future disease emergencies

Final report

ISBN: 0 7345 0145 5
Author: I.G. Anderson and L. Owens
Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Final Report • 2001-05-01 • 6.82 MB
1996-301-DLD.pdf

Summary

The project has created knowledge which has led to the outcome of better health management on Australian prawn farms. Changes to farm practices have occurred where whole-farm destocking and pond disinfection are applied as a hygiene practice following a season where crop declines or failures are seen. During, and subsequent to, the project prawn farmers now understand that infectious disease can affect cultured marine prawns in earthen ponds. As a consequence many farmers will submit sick prawns for diagnostic analysis soon after stressed prawns are seen in ponds, not assuming the problems are due to pond environment factors.

The project has contributed to the recovery of the Queensland prawn farm industry from the low production seen in the 1995/96 season of 1,294 tonnes (worth $28.2m) to 1855 tonnes (worth $32.4m) reported in 1998/99. A similar outcome is reflected when Australian marine prawn production is considered; from a low of 1,400 tonnes in 1994/95 to 2,059 tonnes of production in 1997/98.

The project has shown that a virus associated with Mid-Crop Mortality Syndrome is passed from breeders to their progeny. The project has created the knowledge of a detection test and that application of that test can be used by hatcheries to reduce the effect of the virus on productivity in the hatchery and farms.

Environment
Environment
PROJECT NUMBER • 1996-285
PROJECT STATUS:
COMPLETED

Identification of environmental factors, with particular reference to acid sulfate soil runoff, causing production losses in Sydney rock oysters

The study has confirmed that estuarine acidification, associated with drainage of acid sulfate soils, reduces growth rates and survival in Sydney rock oysters leading to significant production losses. The work has also demonstrated that acidification is not a factor in outbreaks of QX disease. The...
ORGANISATION:
UNSW Sydney
Environment
PROJECT NUMBER • 1996-257
PROJECT STATUS:
COMPLETED

Effects of Trawling Subprogram: ecological sustainability of bycatch and biodiversity in prawn trawl fisheries

Prawn trawl fisheries are under increasing public and legislative pressure to manage their bycatch sustainably. Although this is now explicit in the fisheries management acts and the new Environment Protection and Biodiversity Conservation Act, there is little information on which to base sound...
ORGANISATION:
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Hobart
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