Aquaculture-Community Futures: North West Tasmania
To secure the future of Australian aquaculture, building and maintaining a sufficient level of support and trust from interested and affected communities is vital. Worldwide, there have been several examples of where aquaculture operations have been threatened because of a lack of societal acceptability. In Australia, a recent example of this has been the environmental non-governmental organisations (eNGOs) campaigns against proposed fish farm operations in Okehampton Bay on Tasmania’s east coast (Murphy-Gregory, 2017). In the Tasmanian context, attitudes toward the commercial exploitation/use of natural resources involve multi-dimensional, often conflicting, values often with a spatial dimension (see Evans, Kirkpatrick & Bridle 2018).
FRDC Project 2017-158 ‘Determinates of socially-supported wild-catch and aquaculture fisheries in Australia’ has revealed that several factors contribute towards achieving community acceptance: the perception that a company offers benefits; that it contributes to the well-being of the region and respects the local way of life; that it listens, responds and exhibits reciprocity; and that relations are based on an enduring regard for each other’s interests. These factors are often based on understanding and contributing towards achieving a certain state or condition of that which is valued by local and regional communities (e.g. a certain level of local employment, or of threatened habitat protection). Indeed, a lack of social acceptance for the aquaculture industry has often resulted in part from their practices being seen to, or in some cases actually, compromising the condition or state of what communities ‘value’ (feel is very important).
This project has been designed to examine the mix of community interests and values, and to identify how the aquaculture industry and regional communities can participate in processes of negotiation, to contribute towards the achievement of desired conditions or states of community values, using NW Tasmania as a case study.
Final report
This report discusses a study conducted by the Institute for Marine and Antarctic Studies at the University of Tasmania on marine and costal wellbeing and how it can be considered in regional marine and coastal development decision making. The need for this project arose from a desire by selected Tasmanian aquaculture industry members to better understand levels of community acceptability of their operations (or ‘social license to operate’). The study used a mixed methods approach that combined participatory mapping, qualitative and quantitative primary data, and desk-top research to develop this framework. Wellbeing was found to be comprised of three dimensions: material, relational and subjective. The material relates to welfare or standards of living. The relational is about social relations, personal relationships, and access to the resources we need. The subjective is about how we perceive our individual experience of life. Specific marine and coastal places matter to well-being. Considering wellbeing in the decision-making process is challenging because some aspects are difficult to measure.
Determinates of socially-supported wild-catch and aquaculture fisheries in Australia
Planning for a Blue Future Salmon - informing R&D, regulation and industry development
The Tasmanian salmon industry is seeking to grow production safely and sustainably over the next two decades, further increasing the tangible benefits to the Tasmanian community. Our aim is to deliver this by being the most environmentally sustainable salmon industry in the world – creating an industry that all Tasmanians can be proud of.
Both industry and the Government recognise that to achieve this bold vision for a world class salmon industry in Tasmania, we require a clear focus on development of both sea and land-based farming operations, utilisation of the best available technologies, and collaboration with researchers and aquaculture innovators. This includes consideration of farming systems that promote sustainable growth and innovative developments, such as off-shore (high energy) technology.
FRDC are also keen to see their investment tested to ensure that the science is indeed relevant and achieving its desired outcome. If there are opportunities to learn information from overseas then the FRDC is keen to investigate this.
Article
Chair Steering Committee
PROFESSOR CHRIS CARTER
Fisheries biology of short-spined sea urchins (Heliocidaris erythrogramma) in Tasmania: supporting a profitable harvest and appropriate management
Urchins have been fished in Tasmania since the 1980s, yet no significant research since a basic morphological description of the reproductive cycle in the 1970s has been conducted to support fisheries management. Spatial and habitat variability in urchin growth rates, maximum sizes and size at maturity across key harvesting regions are unknown.
There is a need to understand the drivers of seasonal and spatial variability in roe quality to maximise returns of ‘A-grade’ roe in order to maximise industry probability. Variability in urchin roe coupled with competitive catch limits is leading to localised concentration in effort and subsequently catch caps being reached or areas being heavily exploited before roe has reached its highest quality or optimal recovery. This is decreasing product value and fishery profits.
The lack of information on the biology, population structure and roe characteristics of the urchin not only continues to hinder the value of the wild fishery in Tasmania but also the capacity to manage it.
There are regions where high concentrations of barren forming urchins are present and are not targeted by the wild fishery due to poor roe quality. Trials of Norwegian technologies to enhance roe quality of these urchins are being planned as a part of international trials. Gonad (roe) development and waste generation need be assessed in order to manage the developing industry, as well as to optimise feed-regimes ahead of moving to full commercialisation. Successful urchin farming will facilitate the expansion of the urchin industry, allow for diversification in the oyster industry given recent outbreaks of POMS and assist salmon growers move into IMTA practices.
There is strong support from managers and industry for the proposed research that will guide the future profitability of the fishery and inform its management. The TasRAC has identified this as a high priority project. DPIPWE is bound by the Living Marine Resources Management Act 1995 to ensure that fisheries are managed in a sustainable manner. However, the Department has had to adopted a precautionary approach in management due to the lack of scientific knowledge on the species.