Best practice and policy in abalone stock enhancement, restocking and translocation
Stock enhancement and restocking of marine species is an ever-evolving field given the development of new technology and pressures put on species by factors such as fishing, environment and disease. In Australia there have been several large-scale experimental abalone projects conducted, primarily in NSW and WA, with promising results and conclusions. However, these research projects have cost just over $1.7 million and none of the outcomes have translated into commercial-scale abalone stock enhancement, restocking or translocation. Even so, there is still considerable and continuing interest in stocking where stocks are so depleted as to render recovery without intervention impossible. The question is therefore, why do very few ideas/proposals progress to R&D projects and none have progressed to commercialisation?
This project will review abalone stocking in Australia and jurisdictions current strategic direction and management policies. Through this, potential roadblocks to the commercialisation of abalone stocking in Australia, such as government policy, scientific research, aquaculture practices, genetics and biosecurity/disease will be investigated. At present there is no formal abalone stocking programmes being conducted in Australia, even with the stock declines present in numerous fisheries. However, several major projects have been proposed and the interest in stocking as a fisheries management tool has remained high with substantial investments made. A national approach to abalone stocking will allow regulatory bodies to decide on appropriate stocking programmes and for industry to have confidence in the benefits for the fishery.
Abalone diver observation collection, analysis and reporting system for improved management decision making
The Victorian Diver Observation System enables divers to use their mobile phone to report observations on stock abundance, catch rates and habitat changes. These observations are stored, analysed and reported back to authorised industry personnel in a manner suitable for stock assessment meetings. This project aims to customise and make available the Diver Observations System to participating jurisdictions. Extensive industry consultation, trials and investigation will lead to a final solution being recommended for a Diver Observation System beyond the life of this project.
Feedback from industry divers on stock levels, habitat and other factors that affect fishing activity are widely used to provide context to scientific data during stock assessment and management decision making. The predominate method for obtaining this feedback is through direct representation by divers at stock assessment workshops. There are several issues with this approach. Only divers present at the meeting have an opportunity to contribute, there may be disincentives to be honest with peers and employers also in the room, and recall may be inaccurate with time passed.
Fishery management departments and industry groups in other states are keen to utilize a diver observation survey on a cost- effective electronic data capture platform that provides greater opportunity for obtaining diver feedback.
In Victoria, diver observations are included in the multiple lines of evidence approach (e.g. catch per unit effort, independent surveys of abundance and size, industry-collected data) for setting the annual Total Allowable Commercial Catch (TACC) as detailed in the Victorian Wild Harvest Abalone Fishery Management Plan (DEDJTR 2015). The value of observation by divers cannot be underestimated for abalone management, as they witness the state of the resource at a fine scale and over time. Thus, there is a strong need to develop a tailored system for anonymous collection, analysis and reporting of abalone diver observations to better inform management decision making.
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