Identification and Analysis of Non-Tariff Measures and Quantification of their Impact on Australian Export Commodities
Development of sector-specific biosecurity plan templates and guidance documents for the abalone and oyster aquaculture industries
Although the abalone and oyster industries and relevant jurisdictions have implemented a range of measures to mitigate the risks of major diseases of concern (i.e. AVG, POMS), both industry sectors still lack a nationally consistent, agreed approach to biosecurity.
An industry-wide biosecurity plan is a critical component of health accreditation programs to facilitate safe interjurisdictional and international trade in aquatic animals. Minimum biosecurity standards must meet importing jurisdiction or country requirements, so it is vital that these plans are recognised by state government authorities and implemented by industry. Note that for interstate trade, requirements generally outline that oyster or abalone livestock only be sourced from land-based facilities with high level (auditable) biosecurity.
The abalone industry require movement of broodstock between farms to improve genetic family lines. A national Abalone Health Accreditation Program (developed by SCAAH) provides guidance for land-based abalone farms to demonstrate freedom of AVG for the purpose of trade. Biosecurity and surveillance requirements form the basis of the health accreditation program. A nationally agreed biosecurity plan (guidance document) specific to land-based abalone farms, which identifies specific disease risks and provides recommended systems to mitigate those (and potential emergent) risks, is now required to assist farmers in developing their own farm biosecurity plans.
Similarly, for the oyster industry both biosecurity and surveillance are required to demonstrate freedom of POMS (and mitigation of potential other emergent biosecurity risks). This is particularly important for consideration of movement of hatchery reared spat (juveniles) from areas of known infection to areas not known to be affected by POMS. These two fundamental requirements (biosecurity and surveillance) are outlined in South Australia’s draft import protocols for spat sourced from oyster hatcheries. Nationally agreed guidelines for oyster hatchery biosecurity plans are now required to facilitate trade in oyster spat.
Final report
This project developed industry endorsed biosecurity plans and guidance documents for the abalone farming industry (land based), and Oyster hatcheries. These documents provide industry with detailed guidance to develop a new, or improve existing, farm biosecurity plans and supporting documentation. Improving biosecurity practices represents a crucial step in ensuring a profitable, secure and resilient aquaculture industry.
Documented (and in some cases auditable) farm biosecurity plans are a common requirement of health accreditation programs and livestock translocation protocols. Consequently, these guidelines will facilitate industry to trade in livestock or as an independent business decision to protect the farm, industry and community from disease incursions. Depending on the enterprise’s individual business needs and cost benefit analysis, a farm may elect to adopt some or all of the best practice biosecurity recommendations outlined in the guidance documents.
Upon Animal Health Committee (AHC) endorsement these documents will become nationally agreed guidelines and form, not only an integral part of health accreditation and translocation protocols to assist in the safe translocation of oysters and abalone, but also a fundamental means of protecting the sectors from disease risks.
This project was led by Primary Industries and Regions South Australia (PIRSA) during late 2016 and 2017 in collaboration with co-investigators from other relevant state jurisdictions as well as industry peak bodies.
Building economics into fisheries management decision making - to utilise a suite of SA case studies
Genetic diversity audit of farm held stocks of Greenlip and Blacklip abalone
The abalone aquaculture industry requires a genetic audit of farm held stocks of greenlip and blacklip abalone to be conducted in order to identify current levels of genetic diversity, effective population sizes, and levels of coancestry/relatedness captured within individual farms and the wider industry.
This fundamental information is needed to guide future approaches to genetic improvement of farmed abalone.
Final report
Aquatic Animal Health and Biosecurity Subprogram: Perkinsus olseni in abalone - development of fit-for-purpose tools to support its management
eSAMarine – phase 1: the first step towards an operational now-cast/forecast ocean prediction system for Southern Australia
Seafood CRC: Securing the legacy from the Seafood CRC investment in market research and development
While the voluntary contributions to industry marketing is impressive, these marketing initiatives are unlikely to be sustained in the longer term without some form of compulsory levy. To secure on the key CRC legacies and capitalise on market research investments made by the CRC, FRDC and industry there is a need to support "first movers" who are actively attempting to establish compulsory marketing levies that will in turn support ongoing marketing efforts.
In December 2013, legislation enabling FRDC to collect and disperse compulsory marketing levies was passed. However, as there are likely to be many issues that will need to be resolved before an industry can satisfy the 12 principles and request the government to strike a levy. The ACA and APFA Boards have both passed resolutions to pursue a levy and have asked the Seafood CRC and FRDC to assist. FRDC have agreed to assist the APFA. The ACA is expected to be a far more complex process involving 5 producing states with inactive and active industry participants and will require significantly more resources and time to achieve success. the CRC Board has agreed to invest company "own funds" to support the ACA to undertake an industry stakeholder engagement process and prepare a levy submission that will satisfy the requirements of the Department of Agriculture and importantly the Minister who will make the ultimate decision as to whether a levy can be struck.
The ACA and APFA levy processes will be undertaken concurrently enabling efficiencies to be gained and lessons to be shared. All non commercial in confidence materials will be shared with other industry sectors who may wish to pursue a compulsory marketing levy in the future.
Final report
This project was established to develop an investment proposal and a strategic marketing plan to support the establishment of a compulsory levy for Australian Wild Abalone. A project team was established to undertake the consultation process needed to comply with the federal government requirements for the establishment of a levy.
Seafood CRC: Australian Seafood Industries Quantitative Genetics Analysis and Training Services 2014-15 (2014/721 Communal)
In the long term the POMS Resistance Breeding Levy will secure the future of ASI and by extension selective breeding for Pacific Oysters. This in turn secures the investments made over many years by federal funding agencies. Due to delays achieving unanimous stakeholder support the approval for the levy has been later than anticipated but was formally adopted and implemented from October 13, 2014. As a result of this delay ASI is not in a position to enter into some key contracts in terms of provision of services for current data sets. The most pressing of these is the provision of genetic services undertaken by CSIRO.
The support from CRC for this activity will open up an training opportunity we would like to offer. There are a number of other participants in the CRC who are initiating family breeding programs or planning to initiate these programs. This project thus presents the opportunity of conducting the analysis as a training exercise for CRC participants including key stakeholders in the oyster breeding programs to improve understanding of the process and logistics of implementing family breeding program.
Final report
This project resulted in the genetic analysis to allow Australian Seafood Industries (ASI) to formulate a breeding plan for the 2014 breeding season.
In addition the data analysis resulted in the prioritisation of traits by industry stakeholders resulting in an agreed focus for breeding. The process resulted in training opportunities in the form of a workshop for Pacific Oyster and other industry participants to examine the requirements for managing a modern family based breeding program.