PROJECT NUMBER
•
2018-005
PROJECT STATUS:
CURRENT
ORGANISATION:
Department of Agriculture and Fisheries (NT)
SPECIES
13 results
Elucidating the nutritional requirements of farmed hybrid abalone
Project number:
2017-113
Project Status:
Completed
Budget expenditure:
$282,544.00
Principal Investigator:
David S. Francis
Organisation:
Deakin University Warrnambool Campus
Project start/end date:
14 Oct 2017
-
14 Oct 2020
Contact:
FRDC
SPECIES
The farming of quality Australian abalone is a profitable industry, producing an estimated total ~1,000 tonnes live weight with a value of $35 million in the financial year ending July 2017. Notably, over the next 10 years, abalone production is forecast to increase by >300% to ~3,600 tonnes with an estimated total value of ~$120 million based on current day market prices. However, in order to facilitate this growth, detailed knowledge pertaining to the nutritional requirements of farmed abalone species is paramount. Currently, hybrid abalone culture is carried out via the provision of feeds developed specifically for greenlip abalone. While these feeds promote good growth and survival in both species, it is considered that the ideal protein ratio requirements of abalone may vary in relation to temperature (season), age (stage of growth) and species, (greenlip vs. hybrid). The issue is further exacerbated by varying, and site specific environmental conditions; especially high summer temperatures causing incidents of elevated mortality; and low winter temperatures suppressing growth. As such, on-farm performance of hybrid abalone has significant scope for improvement via nutritional intervention. Carefully planned and targeted RD&E effort that builds on the nutritional knowledge amassed for greenlip abalone therefore has the capacity to make rapid steps in relation to the productivity of the hybrid abalone aquaculture industry. Those gains are in turn expected to be transferable back to greenlip aquaculture.
The Australian Abalone Growers Association has identified ‘Nutrition’ as an RD&E investment priority in its 2015-2020 Strategic Plan, with a Strategic Goal to ‘Implement a Nutrition Program for Health, Survivorship and Meat Weight Gain’. This project will assist industry in achieving its projected growth within the time-frame of AAGA’s Strategic Plan by developing formulated feeds that are tailored to the major seasonal trends experienced by the abalone farming industry. Depending on the differences found in nutritional requirements this may result in the development of age/size-specific, temperature/season-specific and/or species-specific diets.
1. To elucidate the key nutritional requirements of farmed hybrid abalone (Haliotis laevigata x rubra) with respect to stage of growth and environmental rearing temperature.
2. Profile the nutritional characteristics of commercially available abalone aquafeeds towards improved hybrid abalone feed formulations
3. Understand the impacts of nutritional conditioning on the survival of abalone in response to adverse temperature conditions
4. Development of rapid screening assays for diet digestibility and on-farm performance assessment
Final report
ISBN:
9780730009030
Author:
David Francis
Final Report
•
2022-04-14
•
6.16 MB
2017-113 DLD.pdf
The Australian Abalone aquaculture industry continues to search for performance improvements in farmed hybrid Abalone (Haliotis laevigata x H. rubra) to satisfy increasing consumer demand. This project was the first in 25 years to comprehensively profile existing commercial feeds and found large differences in their nutritional composition. These results informed the experimental diets that were manufactured and trialled under the project.
Growth trials on sub-adult and juvenile hybrid Abalone showed that efficiencies in growth can be achieved by increasing protein to more than 40 per cent. In depth metabolic assessments overwhelmingly showed that increasing this level does not increase oxygen consumption in hybrid Abalone or reduce tolerance to oxidative stress caused by high water temperatures.
This project provides clear evidence to hybrid Abalone producers and feed manufacturers that increases in growth can be achieved by changing the composition of current diets and that implementing these changes does not compromise Abalone health during stressful summer growing conditions.
More information: David Francis dfrancis@deakin.edu.au
Final Report
•
2022-04-14
•
6.16 MB
2017-113 DLD.pdf
The Australian Abalone aquaculture industry continues to search for performance improvements in farmed hybrid Abalone (Haliotis laevigata x H. rubra) to satisfy increasing consumer demand. This project was the first in 25 years to comprehensively profile existing commercial feeds and found large differences in their nutritional composition. These results informed the experimental diets that were manufactured and trialled under the project.
Growth trials on sub-adult and juvenile hybrid Abalone showed that efficiencies in growth can be achieved by increasing protein to more than 40 per cent. In depth metabolic assessments overwhelmingly showed that increasing this level does not increase oxygen consumption in hybrid Abalone or reduce tolerance to oxidative stress caused by high water temperatures.
This project provides clear evidence to hybrid Abalone producers and feed manufacturers that increases in growth can be achieved by changing the composition of current diets and that implementing these changes does not compromise Abalone health during stressful summer growing conditions.
More information: David Francis dfrancis@deakin.edu.au
Final Report
•
2022-04-14
•
6.16 MB
2017-113 DLD.pdf
The Australian Abalone aquaculture industry continues to search for performance improvements in farmed hybrid Abalone (Haliotis laevigata x H. rubra) to satisfy increasing consumer demand. This project was the first in 25 years to comprehensively profile existing commercial feeds and found large differences in their nutritional composition. These results informed the experimental diets that were manufactured and trialled under the project.
Growth trials on sub-adult and juvenile hybrid Abalone showed that efficiencies in growth can be achieved by increasing protein to more than 40 per cent. In depth metabolic assessments overwhelmingly showed that increasing this level does not increase oxygen consumption in hybrid Abalone or reduce tolerance to oxidative stress caused by high water temperatures.
This project provides clear evidence to hybrid Abalone producers and feed manufacturers that increases in growth can be achieved by changing the composition of current diets and that implementing these changes does not compromise Abalone health during stressful summer growing conditions.
More information: David Francis dfrancis@deakin.edu.au
Final Report
•
2022-04-14
•
6.16 MB
2017-113 DLD.pdf
The Australian Abalone aquaculture industry continues to search for performance improvements in farmed hybrid Abalone (Haliotis laevigata x H. rubra) to satisfy increasing consumer demand. This project was the first in 25 years to comprehensively profile existing commercial feeds and found large differences in their nutritional composition. These results informed the experimental diets that were manufactured and trialled under the project.
Growth trials on sub-adult and juvenile hybrid Abalone showed that efficiencies in growth can be achieved by increasing protein to more than 40 per cent. In depth metabolic assessments overwhelmingly showed that increasing this level does not increase oxygen consumption in hybrid Abalone or reduce tolerance to oxidative stress caused by high water temperatures.
This project provides clear evidence to hybrid Abalone producers and feed manufacturers that increases in growth can be achieved by changing the composition of current diets and that implementing these changes does not compromise Abalone health during stressful summer growing conditions.
More information: David Francis dfrancis@deakin.edu.au
Final Report
•
2022-04-14
•
6.16 MB
2017-113 DLD.pdf
The Australian Abalone aquaculture industry continues to search for performance improvements in farmed hybrid Abalone (Haliotis laevigata x H. rubra) to satisfy increasing consumer demand. This project was the first in 25 years to comprehensively profile existing commercial feeds and found large differences in their nutritional composition. These results informed the experimental diets that were manufactured and trialled under the project.
Growth trials on sub-adult and juvenile hybrid Abalone showed that efficiencies in growth can be achieved by increasing protein to more than 40 per cent. In depth metabolic assessments overwhelmingly showed that increasing this level does not increase oxygen consumption in hybrid Abalone or reduce tolerance to oxidative stress caused by high water temperatures.
This project provides clear evidence to hybrid Abalone producers and feed manufacturers that increases in growth can be achieved by changing the composition of current diets and that implementing these changes does not compromise Abalone health during stressful summer growing conditions.
More information: David Francis dfrancis@deakin.edu.au
Final Report
•
2022-04-14
•
6.16 MB
2017-113 DLD.pdf
The Australian Abalone aquaculture industry continues to search for performance improvements in farmed hybrid Abalone (Haliotis laevigata x H. rubra) to satisfy increasing consumer demand. This project was the first in 25 years to comprehensively profile existing commercial feeds and found large differences in their nutritional composition. These results informed the experimental diets that were manufactured and trialled under the project.
Growth trials on sub-adult and juvenile hybrid Abalone showed that efficiencies in growth can be achieved by increasing protein to more than 40 per cent. In depth metabolic assessments overwhelmingly showed that increasing this level does not increase oxygen consumption in hybrid Abalone or reduce tolerance to oxidative stress caused by high water temperatures.
This project provides clear evidence to hybrid Abalone producers and feed manufacturers that increases in growth can be achieved by changing the composition of current diets and that implementing these changes does not compromise Abalone health during stressful summer growing conditions.
More information: David Francis dfrancis@deakin.edu.au
Final Report
•
2022-04-14
•
6.16 MB
2017-113 DLD.pdf
The Australian Abalone aquaculture industry continues to search for performance improvements in farmed hybrid Abalone (Haliotis laevigata x H. rubra) to satisfy increasing consumer demand. This project was the first in 25 years to comprehensively profile existing commercial feeds and found large differences in their nutritional composition. These results informed the experimental diets that were manufactured and trialled under the project.
Growth trials on sub-adult and juvenile hybrid Abalone showed that efficiencies in growth can be achieved by increasing protein to more than 40 per cent. In depth metabolic assessments overwhelmingly showed that increasing this level does not increase oxygen consumption in hybrid Abalone or reduce tolerance to oxidative stress caused by high water temperatures.
This project provides clear evidence to hybrid Abalone producers and feed manufacturers that increases in growth can be achieved by changing the composition of current diets and that implementing these changes does not compromise Abalone health during stressful summer growing conditions.
More information: David Francis dfrancis@deakin.edu.au
Final Report
•
2022-04-14
•
6.16 MB
2017-113 DLD.pdf
The Australian Abalone aquaculture industry continues to search for performance improvements in farmed hybrid Abalone (Haliotis laevigata x H. rubra) to satisfy increasing consumer demand. This project was the first in 25 years to comprehensively profile existing commercial feeds and found large differences in their nutritional composition. These results informed the experimental diets that were manufactured and trialled under the project.
Growth trials on sub-adult and juvenile hybrid Abalone showed that efficiencies in growth can be achieved by increasing protein to more than 40 per cent. In depth metabolic assessments overwhelmingly showed that increasing this level does not increase oxygen consumption in hybrid Abalone or reduce tolerance to oxidative stress caused by high water temperatures.
This project provides clear evidence to hybrid Abalone producers and feed manufacturers that increases in growth can be achieved by changing the composition of current diets and that implementing these changes does not compromise Abalone health during stressful summer growing conditions.
More information: David Francis dfrancis@deakin.edu.au
Final Report
•
2022-04-14
•
6.16 MB
2017-113 DLD.pdf
The Australian Abalone aquaculture industry continues to search for performance improvements in farmed hybrid Abalone (Haliotis laevigata x H. rubra) to satisfy increasing consumer demand. This project was the first in 25 years to comprehensively profile existing commercial feeds and found large differences in their nutritional composition. These results informed the experimental diets that were manufactured and trialled under the project.
Growth trials on sub-adult and juvenile hybrid Abalone showed that efficiencies in growth can be achieved by increasing protein to more than 40 per cent. In depth metabolic assessments overwhelmingly showed that increasing this level does not increase oxygen consumption in hybrid Abalone or reduce tolerance to oxidative stress caused by high water temperatures.
This project provides clear evidence to hybrid Abalone producers and feed manufacturers that increases in growth can be achieved by changing the composition of current diets and that implementing these changes does not compromise Abalone health during stressful summer growing conditions.
More information: David Francis dfrancis@deakin.edu.au
Final Report
•
2022-04-14
•
6.16 MB
2017-113 DLD.pdf
The Australian Abalone aquaculture industry continues to search for performance improvements in farmed hybrid Abalone (Haliotis laevigata x H. rubra) to satisfy increasing consumer demand. This project was the first in 25 years to comprehensively profile existing commercial feeds and found large differences in their nutritional composition. These results informed the experimental diets that were manufactured and trialled under the project.
Growth trials on sub-adult and juvenile hybrid Abalone showed that efficiencies in growth can be achieved by increasing protein to more than 40 per cent. In depth metabolic assessments overwhelmingly showed that increasing this level does not increase oxygen consumption in hybrid Abalone or reduce tolerance to oxidative stress caused by high water temperatures.
This project provides clear evidence to hybrid Abalone producers and feed manufacturers that increases in growth can be achieved by changing the composition of current diets and that implementing these changes does not compromise Abalone health during stressful summer growing conditions.
More information: David Francis dfrancis@deakin.edu.au
Final Report
•
2022-04-14
•
6.16 MB
2017-113 DLD.pdf
The Australian Abalone aquaculture industry continues to search for performance improvements in farmed hybrid Abalone (Haliotis laevigata x H. rubra) to satisfy increasing consumer demand. This project was the first in 25 years to comprehensively profile existing commercial feeds and found large differences in their nutritional composition. These results informed the experimental diets that were manufactured and trialled under the project.
Growth trials on sub-adult and juvenile hybrid Abalone showed that efficiencies in growth can be achieved by increasing protein to more than 40 per cent. In depth metabolic assessments overwhelmingly showed that increasing this level does not increase oxygen consumption in hybrid Abalone or reduce tolerance to oxidative stress caused by high water temperatures.
This project provides clear evidence to hybrid Abalone producers and feed manufacturers that increases in growth can be achieved by changing the composition of current diets and that implementing these changes does not compromise Abalone health during stressful summer growing conditions.
More information: David Francis dfrancis@deakin.edu.au
Final Report
•
2022-04-14
•
6.16 MB
2017-113 DLD.pdf
The Australian Abalone aquaculture industry continues to search for performance improvements in farmed hybrid Abalone (Haliotis laevigata x H. rubra) to satisfy increasing consumer demand. This project was the first in 25 years to comprehensively profile existing commercial feeds and found large differences in their nutritional composition. These results informed the experimental diets that were manufactured and trialled under the project.
Growth trials on sub-adult and juvenile hybrid Abalone showed that efficiencies in growth can be achieved by increasing protein to more than 40 per cent. In depth metabolic assessments overwhelmingly showed that increasing this level does not increase oxygen consumption in hybrid Abalone or reduce tolerance to oxidative stress caused by high water temperatures.
This project provides clear evidence to hybrid Abalone producers and feed manufacturers that increases in growth can be achieved by changing the composition of current diets and that implementing these changes does not compromise Abalone health during stressful summer growing conditions.
More information: David Francis dfrancis@deakin.edu.au
Final Report
•
2022-04-14
•
6.16 MB
2017-113 DLD.pdf
The Australian Abalone aquaculture industry continues to search for performance improvements in farmed hybrid Abalone (Haliotis laevigata x H. rubra) to satisfy increasing consumer demand. This project was the first in 25 years to comprehensively profile existing commercial feeds and found large differences in their nutritional composition. These results informed the experimental diets that were manufactured and trialled under the project.
Growth trials on sub-adult and juvenile hybrid Abalone showed that efficiencies in growth can be achieved by increasing protein to more than 40 per cent. In depth metabolic assessments overwhelmingly showed that increasing this level does not increase oxygen consumption in hybrid Abalone or reduce tolerance to oxidative stress caused by high water temperatures.
This project provides clear evidence to hybrid Abalone producers and feed manufacturers that increases in growth can be achieved by changing the composition of current diets and that implementing these changes does not compromise Abalone health during stressful summer growing conditions.
More information: David Francis dfrancis@deakin.edu.au
Final Report
•
2022-04-14
•
6.16 MB
2017-113 DLD.pdf
The Australian Abalone aquaculture industry continues to search for performance improvements in farmed hybrid Abalone (Haliotis laevigata x H. rubra) to satisfy increasing consumer demand. This project was the first in 25 years to comprehensively profile existing commercial feeds and found large differences in their nutritional composition. These results informed the experimental diets that were manufactured and trialled under the project.
Growth trials on sub-adult and juvenile hybrid Abalone showed that efficiencies in growth can be achieved by increasing protein to more than 40 per cent. In depth metabolic assessments overwhelmingly showed that increasing this level does not increase oxygen consumption in hybrid Abalone or reduce tolerance to oxidative stress caused by high water temperatures.
This project provides clear evidence to hybrid Abalone producers and feed manufacturers that increases in growth can be achieved by changing the composition of current diets and that implementing these changes does not compromise Abalone health during stressful summer growing conditions.
More information: David Francis dfrancis@deakin.edu.au
Evaluation of practical technologies for Perfluoroalkyl (PFA) remediation in marine fish hatcheries
Project number:
2018-125
Project Status:
Completed
Budget expenditure:
$60,000.00
Principal Investigator:
Wayne O'Connor
Organisation:
Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (NSW)
Project start/end date:
29 Apr 2019
-
30 Jan 2020
Contact:
FRDC
Per- and poly-fluoroalklys (PFASs) are now emerging as pollutants with potentially catastrophic impact on aquaculture facilities. Two key research institutes have already demonstrated the presence of PFASs in marine fish broodstock and have observed impacts on offspring that are consistent with those observed in
literature studies. As testing continues there is the expectation that the number of facilities affected will increase. To compound the challenge our understanding of the impacts of PFASs on aquatic species is limited. In order to further assess these impacts, PFASs must be introduced into experimental systems in a
controlled fashion and therefore we must have the capacity to remove those pollutants before release. To protect our facilities and permit PFAS impacts research there is a need to rapidly assess available PFAS treatment technologies.
1. confirm the effectiveness of ozofractionation and linseed infused polypropylene in the removal of PFAS from seawater,
2. investigate the impacts of flow rate through fractionation chambers on PFAS removal
3. test fractionation PFA removal efficiency without ozone and with ozone at addition levels compatible with aquaculture practices.*
Final report
ISBN:
978-1-76058-392-7
Authors:
Wayne O’Connor
Gavin Partridge
Stewart Fielder
Lindsey Woolley
Thava Palanisami
Final Report
•
2020-06-01
•
1.29 MB
2018-125-DLD.pdf
Per- and poly-fluoroalkly substances (PFASs) are now emerging as pollutants with potentially catastrophic impact on aquaculture facilities. Two key research institutes, Port Stephens Fisheries Institute (PSFI) in NSW and Australian Centre for Applied Aquaculture Research (ACAAR) in Western Australia have discovered the presence of PFASs in their influent seawater sources and in their broodstock fish. PFASs are proven Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals of fish and can cause reduction in fecundity, and deformity, abnormal development and increased mortality of fish larvae. Both research institutes have observed impacts on larvae that are broadly consistent with those observed for PFASs in literature studies. As testing for PFASs continues we expect that the number of facilities affected in Australia, and indeed globally, may increase. Further, to assess impacts, PFASs must be introduced into experimental systems in a controlled fashion and therefore we must have the capacity to remove those pollutants before release of effluent water. To protect our facilities and permit PFASs impacts research there was a need to assess available treatment technologies for removal of PFASs in seawater.
PROJECT NUMBER
•
2016-803
PROJECT STATUS:
COMPLETED
Future oysters CRC-P: New Technologies to Improve Sydney Rock Oyster Breeding and Production
Hatchery production of Sydney Rock Oysters (SROs, Saccostrea glomerata) is a costly and high risk activity for the breeding program and industry exacerbated by factors such as: reliance on hatchery conditioning, low fertilisation success using strip-spawned gametes, extended larval rearing period...
ORGANISATION:
Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (NSW)
SPECIES
PROJECT NUMBER
•
2018-094
PROJECT STATUS:
COMPLETED
CRC Northern Australia - Biosecurity in northern Australian prawn aquaculture
The objectives of the Cooperative Research Centre for Developing Northern Australia (CRCNA) Improving Biosecurity in Northern Australia prawn farms (A.3.1718113) were to obtain an overview of the pathogens and the level of protection provided by the current biosecurity practices that occur in prawn...
ORGANISATION:
Australian Prawn Farmers Association (APFA)
SPECIES
PROJECT NUMBER
•
2016-801
PROJECT STATUS:
COMPLETED
Future oysters CRC-P: Enhancing Pacific Oyster breeding to optimise national benefits
The research was conducted as a direct consequence of the 2016 Pacific Oyster Mortality Syndrome (POMS) outbreak TAS which decimated parts of this State’s Pacific Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) industry and caused numerous flow on effects throughout the entire Australian industry. The project was...
ORGANISATION:
Australian Seafood Industries Pty Ltd (ASI)
SPECIES
PROJECT NUMBER
•
2016-802
PROJECT STATUS:
COMPLETED
Future Oysters CRC-P: Accelerated Sydney Rock Oyster (SRO) Breeding Research
This project focussed on increasing genetic resistance of Select Oyster Company (SOCo) breeding program Sydney rock oyster (Saccostrea glomerata, SRO) families to QX disease and winter mortality (WM) disease. NSW DPI has worked collaboratively with SOCo to develop a SRO family-based breeding program...
ORGANISATION:
Department of Primary Industries and Regional Development (NSW)
SPECIES
PROJECT NUMBER
•
2018-047
PROJECT STATUS:
COMPLETED
Barramundi origins: determining the contribution of stocking to the Barramundi catch on Queensland's east coast
Researchers from Queensland’s Department of Agriculture and Fisheries, James Cook University, and the University of Western Australia tested a range of otolith-based and genetic methods to identify hatchery-born from wild-born Barramundi. The project took place in the Dry Tropics region, where...
ORGANISATION:
Department of Primary Industries (QLD)
SPECIES
Benchmarking for health and productivity in aquaculture
Project number:
2018-180
Project Status:
Completed
Budget expenditure:
$108,620.00
Principal Investigator:
Tracey Bradley
Organisation:
Agriculture Victoria
Project start/end date:
23 Apr 2020
-
28 Oct 2021
Contact:
FRDC
SPECIES
This project has been recognised as a national priority by the Australian/State/Territory governments and industry through AQUAPLAN 2014-2019 — "Activity 3.3 Undertake aquatic animal health benchmarking for specific aquaculture sectors". This project aims to undertake benchmarking in a range of engaged sectors and provide feedback to individuals on their farm performance and ranking within the industry to demonstrate how production and health parameters can be improved upon. This project has strong links with other AQUAPLAN objectives such as Objective 1: "Improving Regional and Enterprise - level Biosecurity". There is strong evidence (particularly in terrestrial industries) of the linkage between animal health and productivity (for example the Rushton review, 2009)
Initial discussions with a range of industries (including abalone, barramundi and Murray cod), has indicated that for many players an intuitive and secure system for recording farm productivity and health data is desirable and a first step towards farm benchmarking for health and productivity.
The level of data collection on farms varies: from minimal collection, to farms recording information but not using it to review farm performance, to larger companies such as Yumbah abalone where benchmarking is utilised at a company level to monitor performance and take corrective action where required. These benchmarks may include factors including mortality rates, growth rates and other health and production statistics (e.g. feed conversion efficiency). This lack of coordinated data collection impedes individual farms in assessing and comparing their disease risk/status and overall performance both within farm and with the industry in general. Furthermore, if data collection and benchmarking was routinely undertaken in Australian aquaculture industries there would be opportunities for producers to learn from other industry members how best to increase productivity and reduce biosecurity risks on individual farms and across the industry as a whole.
This project aims to increase farm productivity and aid in the prevention and/or early detection of new and emerging diseases through robust data collection and benchmarking on abalone farms (pilot).
1. Develop a farm data collection and review system for abalone farmers to record health and production parameters
2. Provide a secure data storage system with the capacity to allow industry benchmarking against industry approved standards - for example the industry median.
Final report
ISBN:
978-1-76136-282-8
Authors:
Tracey Bradley
Thomas Teoh
Nick Savva
Final Report
•
2023-05-01
•
2.68 MB
2018-180-DLD.pdf
Benchmarking is a form of evaluation undertaken by comparing a measure with a standard. With its widespread adoption across many industries, benchmarking was identified as an important area for development in aquatic industries through the national strategic plan for aquatic animal health (AQUAPLAN 2014 – 2019). Despite this industry recognition and internal identification of its importance, there has been no national benchmark conducted across any Australian aquaculture industry. Prior to the commencement of this project, benchmarking is undertaken and considered as important within companies. The absence of national benchmarking could be related to issues around maintaining data confidentiality and a lack of coordination in the numerous smaller aquatic species sectors. With information on key health and production variables, individual farms will be able to make good decisions around early detection and prevention of disease, improving overall individual and industry farm productivity.
PROJECT NUMBER
•
2018-157
PROJECT STATUS:
CURRENT
Evaluation of Cobia and Giant Groper production and health in multiple growout systems, as an alternative species to farm in WSSV affected areas of South East Queensland
The report details the production performance and health performance of Cobia (Rachycentron canadum) and Giant Groper (Epinephelus lanceolatus) reared in tanks, ponds and cages within a farm in the previously white spot syndrome virus affected region of the Logan River, Queensland.
Findings of this...
ORGANISATION:
Rocky Point Aquaculture Company Pty Ltd
SPECIES
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