Effects of Trawling Subprogram: promoting industry uptake of gear modifications to reduce bycatch in the South East and Great Australian Bight trawl fisheries
Time and again, good research results have been wasted because there has been poor industry support, lack of industry consultation and a low level of effective extension of the results to grass-roots industry. Through Project 98/204, we have developed outstanding bycatch reduction results in the SETF with full industry support, high levels of consultation and an extensive extension process. Whilst all of the newsletters and videos have achieved a high level of Industry awareness of the bycatch reduction project, it is now time to promote and encourage industry uptake of the modfied codend designs. This will require hands-on work with the fishers on a one-on-one basis and further analysis of fish behaviour to reduce discards in trawl gear to a greater extent. This proposal seeks funds to support this phase of the project and continue the outstanding success of 98/204 in reducing the bycatch in SEF trawlers.
As evidence of the effective extension of the results of the current FRDC project 98/204, operators within the Great Australian Bight trawl fishery have shown keen interest in deploying modified gear to reduce bycatch in their fishery. As such, they have expressed their enthusiasm in participating in a project of this nature and wish to be included as participants within this proposal.The project budget and methods have been revised to reflect this.
Final report
South East Fishery Industry Development Subprogram: facilitation, administration and promotion
To achieve the complementary outcomes of sustainability and economic benefits to the stakeholders in the SEF, a whole of chain approach to R&D is required (which is in accordance with government direction on R&D planning). Current practice focuses on the biology and fishery management which has precluded more innovative ways of adding value. Following a workshop held in November 1999 (Canberra) a recommendation was made that FRDC develop a subprogram to support the industry development component of R&D for the SEF. This application will develop the subprogram over the next year and produce a Strategic Plan that incorporates a whole of chain approach.
Final report
The bulk of the research that has been carried out for the South East Fishery (SEF) over the last decade has focussed on the collection of biological data, assessment of the status of fish stocks, research into the economics of the fishery, and the impact of fishing on the environment. In recent years, the need for a broader research and development (R&D) coverage to address whole of supply chain needs of the SEF has been recognised by Industry, AFMA, the Management Advisory Committees (MACs) and the Fisheries Research and Development Corporation. The SEF Industry Development Subprogram was established to help develop a whole of supply chain R&D strategy for the SEF and initiate new R&D projects to implement the strategy through increasing the value of SEF products by value-adding to fish products, adopting new technologies and improving utilisation of catches. To enable this, a Steering Committee of Industry representatives with expertise in the SEF whole of supply chain was formed to help foster and prioritise R&D into industry development areas. This report summarises the progress of the Subprogram over the first 18 months of operation to June 2001.
Two Subprogram meetings have been held. In the first, the role of the FRDC Subprogram and Steering Committee was outlined and the broad scope of the R&D strategy was developed. At the second meeting a range of pre-proposals were considered and we worked towards development of other projects that would fall within the scope of our priority R&D. We initially focused on two priority R&D areas: skills/training and fish waste utilisation. It was recognised that there was a need for skill development and training across the fishery’s supply chain, especially in areas such as product handling, food safety and OH&S issues. We are currently working with the relevant national and state seafood training bodies to plan and implement a training package relevant to the SEF. The significant level of fish wastes that are discarded by the industry from both the catching and processing sectors was another priority area. It was agreed to promote and support R&D that aimed to improve the utilisation of non-quota bycatch species by investigating suitable and cost-effective techniques to process the wide variety of discarded fish waste into products such as aquaculture feeds, silage, fish mince, fishmeal. Another waste minimisation option that is being explored is the use of value adding, improved promotion and targeted marketing campaigns to increase retention of certain low-value species that are usually discarded. Workshops to discuss training and waste utilisation R&D are planned for October 2001 with the aim of submitting a suite of related projects for funding by FRDC and other agencies.
The Subprogram’s first project entitled “The E-boat - implementation of an on-board electronic data collection and transmission system” began in May 2001. Jointly funded by AFFA and FRDC, the project is progressing well following an extensive phase of software development and modification to make it user-friendlier to the fishers. A working presentation of the software has been given at a number of venues and has received positive feedback from the industry groups. Work is progressing to enable the direct transfer of logbook data from fishers to AFMA to meet their SEF1 requirements. Trial data transfers have proceeded well and real data transfer is expected to take place early 2002. The potential for data from the E-boat software to directly feed into E-commerce sites, such as SFM-live, is being investigated.
Although slow to start, the Subprogram has achieved many of its initial objectives. The process of getting people together from across the whole of supply chain and networking has been valuable and is proving fruitful with respect to communication, advice and feedback from all sectors of the Industry. It is expected that within the next year or two, the full benefits of the development of the SEF Industry Development Subprogram should be realised with the initiation of a number of R&D projects under the umbrella of the Subprogram. The FRDC has supported a proposal to continue the Subprogram for a further two years from July 2001 to June 2003. After this time, the Steering Committee believes there should be a review of the progress of the Subprogram and the value of its future operation.
Keywords: South East Fishery, industry development, value-adding, training, waste utilisation.
Spawning and reproductive biology of blue grenadier in south-eastern Australia and the winter spawning aggregation off western Tasmania
By mass, the catch of blue grenadier is currently the largest of all of the quota species in the South East Fishery. Blue grenadier is also currently the second most valuable species in the South East Fishery (8.8M during 1998). Industry reports that it anticipates the 10,000t TAC will be taken during 1999 due to the continuing development of the spawning fishery following the introduction of 'factory trawlers' in recent years.
Current assessment of the fishery is undertaken by the The Blue Grenadier Assessment Group (BGAG) which was formed in 1997. BGAG comprises government and industry scientists, industry representatives and AFMA managers. The 1999 assessment of blue grenadier uses an age-structured ‘synthesis’ model (Punt et al in press). The assessment considers fishing during the spawning season off Western Tasmania and that at other times/places separately. The model uses catch (including discards), standardised catch rates and catch-at-age data (retained and discards) as well as estimates of absolute abundance based on the egg production method. The results of the current assessment are generally optimistic for the next five to ten years but are extremely sensitive to biomass estimates from the egg production method.
One key area of uncertainty concerns the proportion of mature fish that spawn each year. It is known from data in New Zealand that not all fish spawn annually. Assessments in New Zealand are based on the assumption that 77% (the average of the range of 68-85% reported by Livingston et al., 1997) of the potential spawners spawn each year. The same assumption is used by BGAG. However, there are no data on the proportion of non-spawners in Australia although there are anecdotal reports of adult fish (non-spawners?) outside spawning areas during the main spawning season. It is important, therefore, that we establish the actual proportion of non-spawning fish as this can have a significant impact on the mature biomass.
Obtaining better information on the spawning behaviour and reproductive biology of blue grenadier to reduce uncertainty about biomass estimates has been accorded a high priority for several years and was stressed again by BGAG in 1999. Information needed includes fecundity estimates, maturity ogives and the proportion of non-spawners.