Undertaking an audit and assessment of past Australian aquaculture research, development and extension for all species, to determine what factors led to successful or not successful development of the aquaculture species
To meet the projected seafood demand by 2030 Australian aquaculture needs to increase its rate of growth in both production and competitiveness (FRDC 2016). Extensive R&D efforts have been invested in more than 90 aquaculture species over the last five decades in Australia. Nonetheless, fewer than 10% of these species have reach recognized production in either tonnage or value. Presently, only Atlantic salmon, tiger prawn, barramundi and oysters are considered as major aquaculture species in Australia. This highlights the need to identify possible gaps in our research and extension activities, and the barriers to successful commercialization of new aquaculture species.
Importantly, research interest alone is unlikely to be sufficient to drive aquaculture production of targeted species. The observed limited production or lack of investment in new species may indicate differences in new species preferences among the relevant stakeholders, i.e. scientists, consumers, traders, investors, producers, policy makers and regulators. These differing perspectives should therefore be analysed to provide a better understanding of the conditions required for successful development of a new aquaculture species.
The project proposed here - “Auditing research effort on aquaculture species and industry adoption for production growth” - is consistent with national priorities and strategies of both FRDC and CSIRO. Under the FRDC’s Research, Development and Extension (RD&E) Plan 2015-20, one of three national priorities is to develop new or emerging aquaculture growth opportunities with the aim of delivering RD&E to help promote the establishment of one or two species at commercial scale production. To address this priority the FRDC has established the New and Emerging Aquaculture Opportunities (NEAO) subprogram. Similarly, CSIRO Aquaculture has continuously emphasized the importance of delivering innovative impacts that transform aquaculture production in more-sustainable ways. This implies either removing identified barriers for current aquaculture species or investing in targeted strategic R&D on carefully-selected new species in collaboration with industrial partners.
Final report
This report presents the results of an FRDC project that audited research effort and industry adoption for aquaculture species in Australia and overseas. The goal was to identify opportunities and barriers for commercial aquaculture production. The study involved online surveys, one for scientists and the other for aquaculture producers/consultants which were designed, tested and conducted from late 2018. It also involved interviews, and data collection from experts and stakeholders. Key findings include the need for more investment in RD&E as it is recommended that RD&E should focus on improving production efficiencies for aquaculture of the more consolidated species, challenges related to seed supply and disease risks, and a recommendation to focus on efficient production for key aquaculture species in Australia. The report suggests strategies for stakeholders, industry investors, consumers, and scientists to support aquaculture development in Australia.
NCCP: Development of hydrological, ecological and epidemiological modelling to inform a CyHV3 release strategy for the biocontrol of carp in the Murray Darling Basin
Decadal scale projection of changes in Australian fisheries stocks under climate change
Australia's oceans are undergoing rapid change (4) , with two of the world’s most rapidly warming ocean areas located in the south-east and south-west (5). Understanding what that change means for fisheries and aquaculture production and management is paramount if the resources are to continue to be sustainably managed. The growth in understanding of climate impacts is a rapidly expanding field. The CSIRO’s OFAM models now have high resolution simulations available at a resolution of 0.1 degrees (~10 km) that run from the current day to the end of the century, an improvement over the snapshot period of 2050-2060 that was available just 2 years ago. Observations of historical change are also accumulating rapidly, and inform the species vulnerability assessments.
While there have been previous climate impacts studies (6, 7) these are aging rapidly and must be updated if management bodies and other stakeholders are to make the best-informed decisions, a must for climateproofing
our fisheries. Given the current revisions of the harvest strategy and bycatch policies and the imminent commencement of a project specifically looking at how to climate-proof Australian fisheries management, updates of the existing models and a synthesis of the new information is needed.
This project will also enable all stakeholders, particularly industry, to become more engaged in the fishery effects of climate change which have biological, economic and social implications. The finer spatial and temporal scale information now available combined with information on species of commercial and recreational interest mean that previously ‘theoretical’ climate futures can now be visualized in a way that matters to stakeholders – area by area, decade by decade. Such a capacity will lead to better engagement with stakeholders and support adaptation planning by fisheries around Australia.
4. Gattuso JP, et al (2015) Science 349 aac4722. DOI: 10.1126/science.aac4722
5. Hobday AJ, Pecl GT (2014) Rev Fish Biol Fisheries 24: 415. doi:10.1007/s11160-013-9326-6
6. Brown CJ, et al (2010) Global Change Biology 16: 1194-1212. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2486.2009.02046.x
7. Fulton EA, Gorton R (2014) Adaptive Futures... CSIRO, Australia. pp 309.
Final report
Australia's oceans are undergoing rapid change and changes in fish distribution, abundance and phenology have been widely reported. A first step in ensuring that the fisheries of Australia adapt effectively to climate change is an understanding of the historical and projected changes in the species captured. This information will underpin development of industry and management responses and management systems that will allow negative impacts to be mitigated and opportunities that arise to be seized.
This project takes two approaches to understanding climate impacts on species that are captured in Australian fisheries - species sensitivity analysis (Part 1) and ecosystem modelling based on new climate projections (Part 2). Species level responses for each of the Commonwealth fisheries are detailed in both sections, followed by a concluding synthesis and list of recommendations (Part 3).
Keywords: Sensitivity analysis, Vulnerability, Ecosystem modelling, Climate variability, Adaptive management
People development program: 2013 FRDC international travel bursaries- Mark Hilder
SALTAS is the home of the Tasmanian Atlantic Salmon selective breeding program (SBP). This small industry owned company located in the Derwent Valley runs 2 freshwater hatcheries and is responsible for the production of the majority of the broodstock for the industry. The Tasmanian SBP has been in operation since 2005 and has been providing genetically improved eggs and smolt for commercial production to the shareholders since 2012. The genetically improved stocks that have been sent to sea already have performed beyond expectations and as such there is now greater concern for the biological protection of the breeding program, and the commercial gains that it is providing to the Tasmanian industry.
In 2013, SALTAS has embarked upon a strategy to continually upgrade biological protection of the SBP and as such it is essential that key staff are able to become exposed to worlds best practice approaches to biosecurity. The opportunity for Mr Hilder to travel to Canada during their spawning season in November would allow him to see first hand, the approach taken to protect valuable broodstock in an environment where the disease threats are more real and immediate than those here in Tasmania.