Australian Recreational Fishing Foundation National Recreational Fishing Conference 2019
Tactical Research Fund: assessing technology changes and risks to the sustainable management of deepwater line fisheries in southern Queensland
There is a risk that Queensland’s deepwater (>200m) fish stocks are being fished at levels that are not sustainable Increased effort by commercial fishers in deep waters under normal line entitlements and the lack of knowledge of many of the targeted deepwater species (many of these species are presumed to be long-lived, schooling species susceptible to overexploitation) are key threats.
There is also anecdotal evidence that recreational fishers are fishing further offshore in deeper water and that recent improved fishing technologies have increased the effective effort on deepwater fish by all sectors. It is imperative that basic information on these deep-water stocks is collected at a time when management arrangements are being updated for rocky reef species (both shallow and deepwater).
The DEEDI Fisheries Observer Program has 100 days allocated to the deepwater fishery next calendar year, providing a unique opportunity to gather additional biological information on deepwater species that would not normally be collected as part of the routine core functions of the program. The provision of resources via a short-term “Tactical Research Fund” proposal would provide additional information at a time that is critical in the management cycle. It would also enable an assessment of the impact of improvements in vessel and gear technology (braided line, soft plastic lures, GPS etc) that could be used to better standardise catch rates. This is an essential requirement in any future stock assessments.
Fisheries Queensland is currently undertaking a gap analysis to identify information needs for completing an ecological risk assessment of this fishery. The proposed research is critical as it is designed to address the data deficiencies identified by that analysis.
Fisheries Queensland has identified this issue as a priority to be addressed over the next 18 months with a view to review management arrangements in 2012.
Final report
Evaluation of nanobubble technology in aquaculture
In intensive aquaculture systems oxygen supplementation is necessary to prevent hypoxia; however, oversupply can hyper-saturate systems causing gas bubble disease. Oxygenation in aquaculture, fish holding and transport systems using standard technologies is extremely inefficient; standard oxygen transfer efficiencies (SOTE) are estimated at between 2 and 6% per m submergence for coarse and fine bubble diffusers, respectively, at standard conditions of 0 ppt salinity and 20 °C. Advances in the efficiency of gas–liquid phase processes has seen the emergence of nanobubble technologies producing ultrafine bubbles (⌀ 1 µm). The advantage of nanobubbles over larger micro/macrobubbles is that they are neutrally buoyant, negatively charged and can remain within the water column, potentially for weeks. Nanobubble technologies now have a demonstrated application across a broad variety of industries including wastewater treatment, biomedical engineering, gas and oil industry, agriculture, and the food industry. Surprisingly, outside of Japan, there has been little research on the application of nanobubble technology to the aquaculture sector. Nanobubble technology can potentially improve oxygen delivery systems for fish stock and water treatment in aquaculture systems, improving the nitrifying capacity of biofilters and efficiencies in fractionation units. However, there are currently no reliable studies demonstrating the efficacy of nanobubble technology, nor any assessment of the potential health impacts on fish in aquaculture systems. We have undertaken a preliminary pilot trial with encouraging results. Oxygenation was applied to a recirculating aquaculture system via nanobubble injectors for 10 days and fish (yellowtail kingfish) were observed to feed and behave normally when compared to a control group. Before this technology can be considered for broader adoption, a thorough long term investigation needs to be undertaken to assess the long term health effects on fish stock held in nanobubble oxygenated water and the suitability for application of this technology to the aquaculture industry.