There is a need to train industry in disease control strategies that will also contribute to the effectiveness of emergency control activities. The areas where this will have greatest impact are field activities and industry liaison. There is also a need to train existing government agencies skilled in areas of emergency response to effectively respond to aquatic animal diseases.

Field activities are determined by the cause of the emergency, species involved and the communities affected. Considering Tasmania’s population and accompanying financial constraints there is a need for emergency response personnel to be trained and available for action in both terrestrial and aquatic environments.

A Yellowtail Kingfish Aquaculture Industry R&D Committee has been established which includes representatives of industry, State and Commonwealth Governments and the scientific community. The Committee has recognised disease management and disease risk identification as high priorities in a 2003-2008 draft Strategic R&D Plan, presently under development. These are in line with the research and development priorities for aquaculture identified by the South Australian Fisheries Research Advisory Board. Targeted priorities that this project will address within industrial development include, fish health, farm husbandry, and public perception. With regard to natural resource sustainability, this project will help in environmental protection and will contribute to the development of best environmental practices.

Prevention is the best and most cost-effective strategy for managing disease. Furthermore, Australia’s lack of vaccine and drug availability to aquaculture makes other forms of prevention the only viable option for Australia. There are four requirements that must be addressed in order to have an effective preventive program. First, one must be able to anticipate the problems one may face. A preliminary assessment of the risks of disease development and amplification is an important first step. Second, the knowledge of accurate identification of clinical symptoms and pathology by trained farm staff allows a mechanism for early detection and categorization of potential fish health problems. Third, the mechanism is an ongoing system of vigilant observation and recording in the form of action-based detection of emerging changes. Finally, one must identify actions that should be taken in response to laboratory and disease-related findings.

Before recommending the best disease management practices, one must first inventory the industry needs and identify the gaps in knowledge and infrastructure that limit capacity to achieve disease control objectives.

The Neptune project was conceived to add significant value to existing investments in aquatic animal health by building a platform for capturing and sharing information on aquatic animal pathogens and diseases. The project was initially funded through NCRIS; however, that funding has now expired and additional work is required to ensure Neptune fully addresses the needs that it was intended to address. Those needs include:

1. Ensuring the outputs of Australia’s aquatic animal disease professionals are disseminated to achieve greatest effect.
2. Effectively connecting aquatic animal health professionals from government, universities, museums, diagnostic laboratories and industry.
3. Addressing geographic separation of professionals by enabling remote collaboration within the sector and with other sectors.
4. Enable aquatic animal health biosecurity investments to impact fully by making data and resource outputs more broadly accessible.
5. Improving availability of high quality information and resources for many of Australia’s most important aquatic animal diseases.
6. Providing access to readily available and aggregated distribution data through a platform capable of hosting and displaying such information.
7. Ensuring access to technology that can better capture and share physical specimens such as histological slides. These remain a key tool for aquatic animal pathologists and researchers but are not easily duplicated or shared.
8. There are currently insufficient opportunities for aquatic animal health training in Australia. Neptune will provide synergies for other FRDC training investments such as the Aquatic Animal Health Training Scheme.
9. There are currently no integrated resources to store and provide access to training material for aquatic animal health professionals.
10. Many of Australia’s aquatic animal health pathologists have retired recently or are due to retire in the near future. There is a need to ensure the data and collections of these aquatic animal health professionals are captured and shared more broadly.