Seafood CRC: Extending biotoxin capability and research in Australia through development of an experimental biotoxin contamination facility to target industry relevant issues
Seafood CRC: Australian abalone industry R&D planning, implementation and utilisation.
Abalone Aquaculture Subprogram: environmental requirements of abalone
The rapid expansion of the Australian abalone culture industry is being underpinned by advances in research and development that have seen tank designs and formulated diets become far more cost-effective. Market prospects are excellent (Johnston, 1996) and investment capital and available sites do not seem to be limiting factors. The hatchery sector is performing very well and its capacity is expanding rapidly.
The major threat to this optimistic scenario is a decline in the health status of abalone and the most likely cause is inadequate water quality. The threat is real based on results obtained from our previous FRDC-funded, environmental requirements (bioassay) research. The 30% reduction in growth rate noted above would be enough to destroy profit margins in most aquaculture industries.
We need to determine safe levels of more of the water quality variables that threaten the health of abalone and to refine the estimates for some of the variables assessed so far; greenlip abalone have proved to be even more sensitive to ammonia and nitrite than we had expected. In some states there is more emphasis on blacklip abalone culture and we need to assess that species at least in terms of its sensitivity to the most likely stressors. We also need to develop diagnostic tools for the tissue damage that these water quality variables do when outside these safe ranges so that health workers can identify the cause of a health problem in abalone.
This project is compatible with the FRDC strategic plan as it is commercially attractive (prevents loss of profitability), it is feasible (the experimental system, methods and expertise have already been developed), it is collaborative (hosted by industry), has been given the highest priority by the Subprogram Steering Committee, it relates strongly to growth and survival within aquaculture development, and the species involved are primarily being produced for the Asia - Pacific market. Additionally, it contributes to export technology (live holding) and Ecosystem Protection by defining tolerances of a key commercial and recreational species.
Final report
Progressing the recommendations from the scoping study report for abalone marketing and promotion
Seafood CRC: China projects expenses - 2012/704 and 2012/705
Towards optimising the spatial scale of abalone fishery management
Fine scale management of abalone fisheries may reduce the risk of Zonal stock collapse through discreet management units permitting separate extraction controls on the basis of the population parameters specific to these areas.
Furthermore, implementation of finer scale 'management units' has the potential for better resource use through increased TACC based on the productivity of individual populations.
However, fine scale management of abalone fisheries is limited by (1) the existing knowledge on the spatial variability in growth rate, F, M, abundance and reproductive biology of abalone; (2) difficulties with ensuring effective compliance with a multitude of size limits and area TACC by commercial fishers; (3) the ability to estimate relevant minimum sizes and TACC at fine spatial scales; and (4) the ability of managers of abalone fisheries to define appropriate boundaries between 'management units'.
Consequently, there are clear needs (1) to examine the spatial variation in the fisheries biology, morphology and genetics of blacklip abalone; (2) to investigate options for effective compliance at small spatial scales; (3) to model abalone populations at fine spatial scales and (4) to utilise this information to establish a framework that assists with the developement of spatial 'management units' with appropriate MLL and TACC.
This project directly addresses one of the top priorites identified by the South Australian Abalone Fishery Management Committee (Reducing the spatial of management - priority ranking 2), as well as the fourth strategic (Enhance governance arrangements for more innovative, responsive and effective management of the resources) and third targeted priority (Stock assessment/sustainability/management) within the Natural Resources Program R&D priorities identified by the SAFRAB.