The ET&BF is presently dealing separately with a number of ecological issues. For example, impacts of longliners on shearwaters and turtles are current high profile problems. However, other issues such as depletion of swordfish, SBT bycatch, availability of tunas in relation to oceanographic features, bycatch of sharks and finning have all taken centre stage at different times in the short history of the domestic fishery. This approach is often reactionary, rather than strategic, and may not be the best use of research resources over the long-term. If the ET&BF is to move substantially toward ecosystem-based fishery management, as it is required to do under the EPBC act, rather than continue the individual species management approach, an ecosystem analysis providing ecosystem metrics must be developed. If, for example, ET&BF managers opt for time area closures as part of their management strategy to protect key species, developing these on a species-by-species basis has the potential to impact the whole fishery. To develop and evaluate time area closures that allow for minimizing risk of adverse impacts to the suite of key species, while allowing for optimal efficiency of fishing, understanding the associations, linkages and interactions between species is essential. This is the ecosystem approach. Developing an understanding of how ecosystem-associations relate to oceanographic features is also essential in open ocean systems where the dominant influence on distribution and local abundance is oceanography. The approach we are taking will provide the information needed to support an ecosystem-based management framework. Through the analyses we are proposing we will identify regional “hot spots”, detail their linkages and provide detailed scenarios as to how we think different management strategies and fishing practices will or will not impact pelagic food chains, ecologically related non-target species, competitors (e.g. sharks, marlins etc.) and their associated ecosystems. The need for ecosystem-based fishery management for the Western Pacific region has also been supported by PrepCon for the soon-to-be formed WCPFC (Working Paper 9, 2002).

Fisheries Managers often need to rapidly explore possible impacts of a range of potential changes to a fishery (for example, changes in fuel and fish prices, biophysical, environmental and economic drivers of the fishery, and alternative fisheries management regulations). Unfortunately, the preparation and implementation time involved in an end-to-end ecosystem modeling project (e.g. the Alternative Management strategies for commonwealth fisheries) means that delivery time is typically years (likely 3-4 years) at a potential cost of millions. This is simply too slow to be of use to many of the rapid turn around questions management bodies are presented with. However, the decisions that need to be made would benefit from system-level strategic information if it were available; and fisheries managers and other stakeholders, including the fishing industry, would gain significant insights into the fishery from the ability to explore such changes without the need to undertake specific research projects.

To this end the best approach is to preemptively create a library of runs that span a large number of potential management strategies and scenarios of interest and to have it to hand as an accessible data source through a user-friendly interface that can be explored from the user’s desktop. This need has been identified by key stakeholders, like the AFMA managers and lead to the ComFRAB call for this project. In the short term this tool is best developed and applied around a library of runs set up for southeastern waters and the SESSF, but the benefit can be much broader than that – both in terms of creating a framework for future use with other Atlantis (or multispecies) model output and indirectly by providing a way of interrogating a complex marine system to gain general insights into their function and implications of different forms of management.