26 results

Tactical Research Fund: Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram: Viral presence, prevalence and disease management in wild populations of the Australian Black Tiger prawn (Penaeus monodon)

Project number: 2013-036
Project Status:
Completed
Budget expenditure: $100,000.00
Organisation: CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Hobart
Project start/end date: 15 Sep 2013 - 14 Mar 2015
Contact:
FRDC

Need

In 2012, diseased P. monodon from North-QLD farms were investigated by QDAFF, Townsville. All prawns tested negative using an OIE-endorsed YHV-1 specific PCR test but positive to GAV (YHV-2) and to YHV-1 using OIE-endorsed nested PCR tests designed to co-detect and differentiate YHV-1 from GAV. However, consistent with the YHV-1 specific PCR test data, none of the diseased P. monodon displayed histopathology consistent with acute YHV-1 infection.

Analyses undertaken at CSIRO-AAHL confirmed the presence of GAV but not YHV-1. In two OIE-endorsed PCR tests, GAV sequences were also amplified by primers supposed to be specific for YHV-1. When an OIE-endorsed PCR test designed to detect all YHV genotypes was applied to tissue from healthy P. monodon broodstock imported into QLD from NT, sequence analyses identified an undescribed unique genotype designated tentatively as YHV-7. YHV-7 was also amplified by a CSIRO in-house real-time PCR test designed to be specific to the YHV-1.

Wild QLD broodstock are increasingly being replaced by wild NT broodstock to produce resilient fast growing P. monodon for aquaculture. The finding of YHV-7, with unknown pathogenic potential and distribution, highlights the potential risks of translocated broodstock spreading unwanted new pathogens to regions with substantial aquaculture interest, and supports a need to update decade-old data on what viruses might exist in NT and QLD populations of P. monodon.

Collectively these discoveries highlight urgent needs to (i) re-evaluate genotype specificities of OIE-endorsed PCR tests for different YHV genotypes (ii) redesign PCR tests to improve their power to discriminate YHV-1 from less virulent genotypes and (iii) re-assess the prevalence of GAV and related genotypes (YHV-7) and other endemic viruses potentially problematic to aquaculture (MoV, MBV, HPV, SMV, IHHNV) in wild P. monodon broodstock sourced from the NT and QLD.

Objectives

1. Determine what GAV/YHV genotypes exist and their relative prevalence in wild P. monodon populations in NT/WA/QLD from which broodstock are captured for aquaculture purposes
2. Revise PCR test designs as necessary to ensure their specificity, particularly in discriminating the highly virulent YHV-1 strain that emerged in Thailand in the early 1990’s from GAV and the other known YHV genotypic variants that appear to be far less pathogenic, and make these tests available for publication in the OIE Diagnostic Manual for Yellow head disease
3. Acquire and/or generate appropriate control nucleic acids specific to the various YHV genotypes for use in YHV-1 or other genotype-specific PCR tests so that their diagnostic specificity can be validated at key diagnostic laboratories (eg. CSIRO-AAHL), and so they can be made available to state and international laboratories with needs for equivalent diagnostic capabilities.
4. Determine the existence and prevalence of other endemic viruses [eg. Mourilyan virus (MoV), Monodon baculovirus (MBV), Hepatopancreatic parvovirus (HPV), Spawner-isolated mortality virus (SMV) and Infectious hypodermal and haematopoetic necrosis virus (IHHNV)] in wild P. monodon populations in the NT and QLD. In addition, test samples for the exotic viruses WSSV and IMNV given some broodstock are sourced from waters with a higher than usual likelihood of incursion from these pathogens.
Environment
Industry
PROJECT NUMBER • 2011-771
PROJECT STATUS:
COMPLETED

Seafood CRC: genetic selection for Amoebic Gill Disease (AGD) resilience in the Tasmanian Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) breeding program

Amoebic gill disease (AGD) continues to have a significant economic impact upon production of sea-farmed Atlantic salmon in Tasmania. Reducing mortality is economically important for the fish farmer and is equally important from an animal welfare perspective. The process of freshwater bathing...
ORGANISATION:
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Hobart
Environment
PROJECT NUMBER • 2010-741
PROJECT STATUS:
COMPLETED

Seafood CRC: synopsis of Amoebic Gill Disease (AGD) research to date and review/recommendation of future AGD related R&D directions including the development of a vaccine for AGD

The major outcome of this project was the development of a 2011 R&D strategy by the TSGA. This included a list of R&D priorities for 2011, including AGD related research, and a specific list of areas of interest for 2011. Subsequent to this the TSGA received 7 project proposals pertaining to...
ORGANISATION:
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Hobart
Environment
PROJECT NUMBER • 1998-209
PROJECT STATUS:
COMPLETED

Detection and abundance of Paramoeba species in the environment

Amoebic gill disease (AGD) remains the major disease associated with sea-cage culture of Atlantic salmon in Tasmania. AGD is associated with a Paramoeba species infecting the gills. Current treatment involves multiple freshwater bathes for all fish. This treatment has a significant financial impact...
ORGANISATION:
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Hobart
Blank
PROJECT NUMBER • 2009-751
PROJECT STATUS:
COMPLETED

SCRC: SCRC RTG 3.2: Short term lab placement in Aberdeen, UK (Benita Vincent)

To conduct a short term lab placement at the Marine Laboratories in Aberdeen to gain skills in new techniques including producing and maintaining primary cell cultures from gill explants and tissues. This research travel grant allowed the author to conduct a short term lab placement at the Marine...
ORGANISATION:
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Hobart
Environment
PROJECT NUMBER • 2004-218
PROJECT STATUS:
COMPLETED

Aquafin CRC - Atlantic Salmon Aquaculture Subprogram: molecular assessment of resistance to AGD in Atlantic salmon

The outcome of this project is the development, at the request of industry, of a proposal to enhance the genetic gains in the industry selective breeding program for AGD resistance through marker assisted selection. The confidence to proceed with such a proposal is brought about by the extensive...
ORGANISATION:
CSIRO Oceans and Atmosphere Hobart
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