Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram: enhancement of the emergency disease management capability in Victoria - developing a Victorian Control Centres Management Manual
Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram: whirling disease a disease strategy manual
Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram: production of an AQUAVETPLAN disease strategy manual for white spot disease of all WSV-susceptible crustaceans
Few major disease incidents have occurred in Australian aquaculture and fisheries, and as a result, State/Territory departments and industries have relatively little experience in incident management for emergency diseases.
The recent white spot virus incident and subsequent survey has highlighted the need to have strategies in place to enable a swift and effective response to a suspect emergency disease incursion to rapidly contain an infectious disease agent.
Effective responses to emergency disease outbreaks require emergency disease planning at national, state/territory, district and industry/farm level and the involvement of animal health and fisheries authorities, emergency management organisations and the private sector. For the terrestrial animal sector, the basis for this planning is contained in the Australian Veterinary Emergency Plan, AUSVETPLAN, which is a series of technical response plans that describe the proposed Australian approach to an emergency disease incursion. The documents provide guidance based on sound analysis, linking policy, strategies, implementation, coordination and emergency-management plans.
Based on AUSVETPLAN model, the AQUAVETPLAN is currently being developed as a series of manuals and operational instruments which outline methods and protocols to manage emergency disease outbreaks in aquatic animals in Australia. Some manuals have been published (AQUAVETPLAN Enterprise Manuals; AQUAVETPLAN Furunculosis Disease Strategy; Australian Aquatic Animal Disease Field Identification Guide), and others are at various stages of endorsement (AQUAVETPLAN Control Centre Manual; AQUAVETPLAN Disposal and Destruction Manuals). Following a detailed process of government and industry consultation, the development of a Disease Strategy Manual for White Spot Disease has recently been identified as a key need to improve Australia’s preparedness in the event of emergency disease incursions.
Final report
Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram : exotic disease training manual
In recent years, demand for high quality seafood world-wide has increased significantly and continues to increase. This demand cannot be met by wild capture fisheries and has led to expansion of the world's aquaculture industries. In Australia, aquaculture is also growing. In the past 5 years the value of Australian aquaculture has doubled to approximately $700 million (ABARE 2001) and is expected to increase to $2.5 billion by 2010 (ACIL Consulting 1999). As the industry expands and intensifies the risk of infectious disease outbreaks also increases and there is a need for an increased level of expertise nation-wide on aquatic animal diseases.
As the range of aquaculture species expands so, too, will the range of diseases. Disease diagnosis and control will become an even higher priority than in the past. There will be a requirement to maintain and improve disease diagnostic capability. Increased diagnostic services will be required in these specialised areas, and training of personnel in aquatic animal pathology, bacteriology, virology, parasitology and mycology will be essential.
Currently, research on, and diagnosis of, aquatic animal diseases is undertaken with some limitations by State laboratories, private veterinary laboratories, universities, research institutes, and CSIRO divisions including AAHL Fish Diseases Laboratory (AFDL) at CSIRO Livestock Industries. It is essential to build on these resources to become better prepared for the anticipated growth in industry.
Training courses for diagnosticians and fish health specialists will be required to maintain Australia's proficiency to detect and diagnose aquatic animal diseases, and maintain the confidence of our trading partners. Due to increased world trade and travel, the threat of exotic disease is increasing. This project is aimed at providing information and training to aquatic animal health specialists to assist in recognition of exotic disease, and management of disease emergencies.
References
1. ABARE 2001. Australian Fisheries Statistics 2000, Canberra, ACT.
2. ACIL Consulting 1999. Aquaculture beyond 2000. Facilitator’s Report, prepared by Denis Hussey, Senior Associate, ACIL Consulting on a workshop, Changing Direction, held 23-24 August 1999, Canberra.
Final report
Project products
Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram: viral encephalopathy and retinopathy, a disease strategy manual
Barramundi are an important aquaculture species with total production predicted to exceed 1000 tonnes within the next few years. Grouper culture is only just being developed but these fish are greatly sought for the live fish trade and as a result wild stocks are becoming depleted. However, outbreaks of VER in hatcheries and growout facilities can lead to catastrophic losses and the expected increases in production will not occur unless practicable and efficacious control programs are available and in place.
Striped trumpeter culture is still at the develoment stage but already an outbreak of VER has resulted in significant losses of valuable juveniles.
The disease control program needs to be acceptable to all stakeholders, especially State and Territory authorities so that uniformity in control procedures is ensured. At present differing requirements between authorities reduces their abilities to adequately control VER.
Final report
The disease strategy manual for VER reviews the relevant scientific literature on an economically important aquatic viral disease. A description of the disease with special emphasis on Australian fin fish species reveals significant disease in farmed barramundi and significant potential for disease in species such as grouper and striped trumpeter with farming potential.
The general principals of control and eradication are reviewed. Various strategies outlined in the manual will enhance the capabilities of industry and government to quickly and effectively respond to outbreaks of VER.
Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram: crayfish plague disease strategy manual
Aquatic Animal health Subprogram: production of AQUAVETPLAN disease strategy manual for viral haemorrhagic septicaemia
Currently, the Australian salmonid, tuna and pilchard fisheries, and the various Australian governments do not have an agreed approach for the response to an outbreak of VHS. The production of a disease strategy manual will provide the information upon which an informed decision can be made and will also document the agreed response to an outbreak of VHS. The existence of an agreed plan will assist in the rapid response to an outbreak of VHS and as with all disease incidents, the faster the response plan is initiated, the more likely the disease will be contained and the lower the economic impact on the industry.
This approach has been demonstrated to be effective in that a range of Disease Strategy Manuals for diseases of terrestrial animals has been available under AUSVETPLAN for the past twenty years and in that time, these manuals have been used in the response to disease incidents and proved to be highly successful.
Final report
In the May 2000 Budget, the Federal Government announced its Building a National Approach to Animal and Plant Health program. This initiative seeks to maintain Australia’s status as a sought after supplier of high quality, ‘clean, green’ agricultural produce. Within this initiative, funds were made available to Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry – Australia (AFFA) as administered funds for the Program Emergency Management Planning for aquatic animal diseases. As per an Agreement between AFFA and the Fisheries Research and Development Corporation (FRDC), these monies are administered by the FRDC on AFFA’s behalf. The FRDC’s vehicle for delivery is the FRDC Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram.
During December 2001 and January 2002, stakeholders from industry and governments in Australia nominated their priorities for projects under this Program. On 15 February 2002, the Subprogram’s Steering Committee and Scientific Advisory Committee met to evaluate the nominations. Through this process, the Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia (VHS) – Disease Strategy Manual was approved as a priority. This Manual is one of a total of nine disease strategy and Operational manuals approved as priorities through this process.
These Manuals will form part of a series that are being developed under Australia’s National Strategic Plan for Aquatic Animal Health (AQUAPLAN) and collectively will be known as AQUAVETPLAN.
Keywords: Viral Haemorrhagic Septicaemia, VHS, VHSV, Strategy Manual, Control.
Aquatic Animal Health Subprogram: facilitating the establishment of the Aquatic Animal Health Consultative Committee (AAHCC) as the primary industry-government interface for aquatic animal health issues in Australia
The report (Attachment 2 ) of the Working Group to review FHMC was considered by FHMC at its meeting on 29 November 2001. FHMC agreed with the Working Group’s recommendation to reconstitute FHMC into a new body, named the Aquatic Animal Health Consultative Committee (AAHCC). Subsequently, a 2-page summary document was prepared, with the suggested Terms of Reference for the new AAHCC, its membership, modus operandi, and funding arrangements (Attachment 3 ). FHMC also suggested that a business plan for AAHCC be developed, which would, inter alia, incorporate the FHMC-endorsed plan for the Australian Aquatic Animal Health Information System (AAAHIS) (Attachment 4 ). FHMC agreed that the 2-page summary document on the suggested AAHCC needed to be widely circulated to stakeholders, accompanied by an AAHCC business plan, by the FHMC Working Group Report, and by the revised AAAHIS Business/Operational Plan. This consultation process is planned for the second and third quarter 2002 (see Attachment 5 for a flow-chart). Following endorsement by stakeholders, the AAHCC business plan is to be presented to the Primary Industries Standing Committee (PISC) for endorsement at their in-session meeting in September 2002.
The project application seeks funding for the consultancy to develop the draft AAHCC business plan and support the subsequent stakeholder consultation process.
Final report
The development and implementation of AQUAPLAN, Australia’s National Strategic Plan for Aquatic Animal Health 1998-2003, was overseen by an interim joint industry/government committee, the Fish Health Management Committee (FHMC). In November 2001, a working group established to review FHMC found that FHMC had fulfilled its terms of references, and that a new body, the Aquatic Animal Health Consultative Committee (AAHCC) should be formed. FHMC agreed with the working group’s recommendations and suggested that a business plan for AAHCC be developed, which would, amongst others, incorporate the FHMC-endorsed plan for the Australian Aquatic Animal Health Information System (AAAHIS). Following a stakeholder consultation process, the AAHCC business plan was to be presented to the Primary Industries Standing Committee (PISC) for endorsement at their in-session meeting in September 2002.
The aim of this project was to support a consultancy to develop the draft AAHCC business plan and to support the subsequent stakeholder consultation process.
Keywords: aquatic animal health; disease; aquaculture; consultation; policy development