Seafood CRC: automation of western rocklobster processing
Seafood CRC: Market Access for Abalone
Approximately 48% of the total Australian abalone legally captured (5465 tonnes) in 2006/2007 was exported to China (+Hong Kong). The Chinese market accounts for ~70 % of all exported abalone (3911 tonnes).
In China the retail price of Haliotis discus hannai (in shell Japanese abalone) in 2005 was RMB 250/kg (~$52 AUD) and the price in 2008 is RMB 150/kg (~$31 AUD). One possible forecast is for rising volumes of abalone from Chinese aquaculture, with further declines in Chinese domestic prices.
The high reliance of the Australian abalone sector on the Chinese market, falling prices in China, and the introduction of strengthened import requirements for live seafood into China (including requirements for testing seafood for a range of pathogenic bacteria and marine biotoxins) suggests that market diversification would be beneficial.
The EU, North America, and China are the biggest markets for seafood (~350 million seafood consumers), however the EU is the biggest importer of seafood. The EU produces limited quantities of abalone at the moment (e.g. Ireland and France produce small amounts).
Until March 2007 several companies in Australia were exporting abalone to the EU, since this time the EU abalone market has been ‘closed’ due to the EC requirement to classify production areas.
The low scale production of abalone in the EU coupled with the declining prices and new food safety requirements for abalone in China presents a market opportunity for Australian abalone in the EU.
The abalone industry (ACA and AAA) has expressed a desire to re-enter the EU market. This project aims to provide information for use in technical market access negotiations to assist in ‘re-opening’ the EU market for Australian abalone.
SCRC: COMMUNAL PROJECT: Seafood CRC Participation in the Seafood Access Forum (SAF)
Seafood CRC: Seafood trade and market access portal
The project seeks to address a core need of Australian Seafood CRC participants for timely, simple access to international residue and contaminant standards, export certification requirements, tariff and customs information to support export activities. Currently this information does not exist in an easily accessible, simple format to inform industry of its technical market access needs.
For example, as a consequence of the melamine issue in China affecting dairy products Australian aquaculture exporters are now being required to demonstrate proof of absence in products (and in feed fed) by overseas port of entry authorities. The rapid emergence of the melamine issue has seen standards hurriedly imposed in markets including China and Hong Kong for seafood products. Melamine is symbolic of many traceability issues which are now starting to confront the seafood industry.
Industry needs better preparedness to respond to international market access issues such as cadmium in prawns in the EU. SSA facilitated a position at the CODEX meeting in Norway on cadmium in crustacea. The strategy was thwarted by lack of access to detailed standards and related documents (on standards in other markets etc). Similarly for arsenic in shellfish.
Lead content of tuna being exported to Japan was brought into question following a violative reading being reported. Further investigation found that the portion (tail fin) of tuna submitted for analysis.
The emergence of Non Government Organisation endorsements such as Friend of the Sea, Marine Stewardship Council etc are now introducing effectively what are private label standards for products traded in multiple standards.
The CODEX Alimentarius process is growing and there is a need to inform national delegation and working groups of specific individual country circumstances quickly. The marine vibrio issue that emerged in mid 2008 in Japan was swiftly resolved as the PI had access to Japanese documents and standards.
Final report
The value of Australian seafood exports now exceeds $1 billion per annum and products are dispatched to various countries around the world (> 20 markets). To ensure Australian seafood can gain access to these markets it is necessary to demonstrate compliance with each country’s food safety and trade standards. The objective of this study was to establish a web portal service on technical food safety and trade rules of countries importing Australian seafood (existing and future potential markets). The information includes residue and contaminant standards, export certification requirements and tariff/customs information for international markets of importance to Australian Seafood CRC members.
The Seafood Trade and Market Access Database is an online database that has been developed by a team of technical and regulatory experts to support the Australian seafood sector to easily identify overseas market access requirements. The database provides information for key overseas markets on residue and contaminant standards, microbiological standards, preservative standards, tariff and import duties, export certification requirements, rejection and detention notification reports, and trade volume statistics.
Seafood CRC: Australian seafood compositional profiles portal
Seafood CRC: benefit-cost analysis of marker assisted selection in Australian aquaculture species
The development and application of marker assisted selection (MAS), genomic breeding values (GEBVs) and selection using gene expression profiling (GEPS) is a rapidly developing area, and significant technological and methodological advances have been made in recent years. There is potential that these techniques could greatly speed the genetic progress in selective breeding programs and provide faster access and more benefit than conventional selective breeding techniques. However, before embarking on research in this area, aquaculture industries need answers to a number of questions. What basic resources are available or needed for each species before research to find markers or to apply MAS, GEBVs or GEPS can be carried out? Which traits would be best targeted for MAS, GEBVs or GEPS? and what is the economic value of these traits? What are the likely cost-benefits for MAS, GEBV or GEPS? When should research be undertaken or what developments might trigger research in this area for each species? What has been the measured impact of the application of these technologies on other industries? This project relates to the research strategies developed by the CRC from projects that have scoped selective breeding for abalone, Yellowtail Kingfish and Barramundi. It also relates to the R&D strategies developed by many of the aquaculture sectors in the CRC (eg. abalone, oyster, Atlantic Salmon, Prawns etc.) which have included in the past, or currently include, projects to develop markers or apply marker assisted selection.
Final report
This project relates to the research strategies developed by the CRC from projects that have scoped selective breeding for abalone, Yellowtail Kingfish and Barramundi. There is potential that genetic marker assisted selection (MAS) techniques could greatly speed the genetic progress in these selective breeding programs and provide faster access and more benefit than conventional selective breeding techniques.
The analysis in this report addresses some of the questions raised by the use of MAS techniques in selective breeding programs for the seafood industries participating in the Australian Seafood CRC.